Timber tracking / traceability systems are used to verify and then certify timber exports coming from your country. These systems would require that you register the areas for timber harvest, track every log that is havevested, what vehicle or vessel it was put on, which mill it was processed at, and which container it was put into for export.
Today, this can all be done electronically. When implemented correctly, you can prove without a doubt exactly where the timber you exported came from with absolute certainty.
Typically, this is done by the government as part of its licensing, compliance, and monitoring systems.
Excellent diagram. I have shared this with other colleagues in PNG